Change in manufacturing system of manufacturing
Following the Industrial Revolution, along with the trend of the times, various elements such as power, production method, and automation technology combine to support the current manufacturing creation. The way of making things is still evolving. I will explain with my own interpretation.
Conceptual change in production of manufacturing
·animal
·vapor
·Electrical
·Standardization
· Assembly line production method
· Lean manufacturing method
·robot
· Digital Fabrication
· AI for judgment (autonomous production command control, automatic judgment control)
As mentioned above, various ways of thinking have occurred with the change of the times.
This idea began with showing the power that people can not actually do. After that, we changed to think to maximize the production that can only be done to people or to withdraw it further, we have shifted to thinking to make management and supervision of production and production instead of people.
It seems that companies are going to spend more people developing and selling products by reducing workers more and more from the production site. I wonder if a creative person will be asked rather than a tough and hard-working person?
These are classified into the following types.
Power
·animal
· Steam (including compressed air)
·Electrical
Production method (production control method)
·Standardization
· Assembly line production method
· Lean manufacturing method
Automation technology
·robot
· Digital Fabrication
· AI for production decision (autonomous production command control, automatic judgment control)
Change in power → efficiency → zero waste, reproduction of skilled technology, automatic judgment
When considering the industrial revolution as capacity expansion
As the times change, the concept in production of manufacturing is changing to muscle power amplification → brain amplification / H4>
Power
Power is inseparable for manufacturing. Everything done with human hands is very small. To make people work on behalf, we are using power to help production.
· animal
Even if I do not explain, I have been letting animals do what people can not do from long ago.
· steam
In this case, is it steam? It becomes power by change of pressure. Tools and production equipments that use compressed air are still in use today. As an aside, the tools that use compressed air has a somewhat reduced price because the mechanism is simpler than the tools that use electricity. However, it costs money to make compressed air.
I think that whether to use compressed air or electricity will be divided depending on whether to reduce running cost or reduce initial investment.
· electricity
Everyone is also familiar electricity. It is getting more common to find a house that does not use electricity. It is very widely used in production in manufacturing as well. We are using other power in production, but I think that it is most popular.
Production method (production control method)
I cited a typical example as a production method. We will strive to improve efficiency in production and improve “maintain quality”, “reduce manufacturing cost” and “reduce manufacturing time”.
· standardized
Standardization as a production method is standardization of technology, standardization of parts, standardization of work. As standards, we will unify and simplify as standard in the world, between companies and within the enterprise. In accordance with some standardization, unless manufacturing is done, much resources are needed to both spread and produce the product.
· assembly line production method
It is a method of flow work that breaks down the processing work and performs a single work. It is a method that is suitable for mass production of homogeneous products and it is a method of letting an amateur engage in production process with simple training without requiring special skills. Because of the flow work in a single work, the experience value (number of times to experience) to work increases. Therefore, the experience curve effect (learning of efficient work) is also related, reducing the total cost than usual.
· lean manufacturing method
This is the method that came from the famous “exclusion of waste” of the Toyota production system. Even though it is wasteful elimination, it is not the elimination of random partial waste, but it is the elimination of efficient waste (overall optimum) looking at the top-down type as a whole. And we will try to reduce total cost by eliminating waste in balance as a whole system. To do that, it is necessary to identify the part that becomes a bottleneck, and to improve and improve that part.
Automation technology
There are various technologies as automation technology. Among them, the contents which have been widely spread in the production field are listed.
· robot
The robot here is an industrial work robot in the production process. Although the price is still a high industrial work robot, considering the depreciation, production in the country with high labor cost will become cheaper in total. Industry work robots in the production process actually tend to increase year by year as wages of low wage countries rise.
For example, in Canon we are going to incorporate machine cell production and build fully automated production.
We are trying to automate using robots in each production process. I try not to use people’s hands in production.
· Digital Fabrication
What is Digital Fabrication? Generic name for devices that produce products from materials with only laser data such as laser cutters and 3D printers . Currently, 3D printers, which are additive manufacturing equipment (forming from no place), are attracting attention. I think further thinking about the production process will change if we respond to various materials in the future. In the first place it will not be necessary to produce the product at the factory, so if you want each individual like a printer, what you want can be made at home.
· Production decision AI (autonomous command control, automatic judgment control)
We perform management and indirect work on behalf of people, such as statistical judgment using big data, control by real-time simulation, learning type judgment control and so on that control multiple processes via network. Perfect judgment (experience and correspondence) to replace people has not been done yet, but people are taking over. Depending on the factory, factories almost do not require people (other than maintenance) are coming out.
Here is an example of statistical judgment using big data. In a sushi-go-round chain, we will issue instructions for items to be made in advance in the lane by issuing purchase forecasts after 5 minutes and 15 minutes from the number of people visiting, approximately the age and gender. By doing so, you can show the item to the customer at the timing you think you want. I am doing marketing corresponding to TPO.
Here is an example of real-time simulation control. It is used for transfer between semiconductor manufacturer’s processes. There are countless paths in this transportation, and the next process differs depending on the product to be made. Therefore, traffic congestion occurs in the conveying device. We grasp the state of the conveyance device and the products to be produced and always simulate the optimal conveying route. By giving instructions to each conveying device from the result, traffic congestion is eliminated. As a result, the time to the next process is shortened and the overall lead time can be shortened.
paradigm shift and destructive innovation are also deeply involved in the flow of the times.
The recognition will be deepened if you see it there as well.